Research
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Bio and transition metal catalysis
Efficient enzymatic resolution and desymmetrization procedures have been developed for non-proteinogenic amino acids and several classes of (di)nitriles using aminopeptidases, amidases, nitrilases and nitrile hydratases.
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L. B. Wolf, T. Sonke, K. C. M. F. Tjen, B. Kaptein, Q. B. Broxterman, H. E. Schoemaker, F. P. J. T. Rutjes Adv. Synth. Catal. 2001, 343, 662. |
Enzymatic CC-bond forming processes have been established for cyanohydrin formation involving hydroxynitrile lyases. Nitrile-introducing and nitrile-hydrolyzing enzymes are also combined in one-pot multi-enzyme cascade processes to prepare highly functionalized heterocyclic molecules in a miniumum of separate reaction steps.
Various transition metal-catalyzed reactions (e.g. alkene-, alkyne-metathesis, Pd-catalyzed cycloisomerization, Cu-catalyzed click-reactions) have been explored to transform the unsaturated functional groups of linear, unsaturated amino acids into new functionalities or to convert these amino acids into potentially pharmaceutically useful cyclic scaffolds or building blocks.
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For applications of unsaturated amino acids, see: J. Kaiser, S. S. Kinderman, B. C. J. van Esseveldt, F. L. van Delft,
H. E. Schoemaker, R. H. Blaauw, F. P. J. T. Rutjes Org. Biomol. Chem. 2005, 3, 3435–3467.
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